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ICSE Class X Prelims 2026 : Commercial Applications

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The Shri Ram School - Aravali Pre-Board Examination (2025 2026) Class: X Subject: Commercial Applications Time: 2 hours M. Marks: 100 Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Attempt all questions from Section A and any four questions from Section B. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ]. Instruction for the Supervising Examiner1 Kindly read aloud the instructions given above to all the candidates present in the Examination Hall. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 1 Section A (Attempt all questions from this Section.) Question 1 [20] Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options. (Do not copy the question, write the correct answers only.) (i) Which stage of Product Life Cycle adopts the strategy of introducing economy models of packs to revive the market? (a) (b) (c) (d) (ii) Which of the following can be identified as an indirect method of recruitment? (a) (b) (c) (d) (iii) Introduction stage Growth stage Maturity stage Decline stage Posters and billboards Walk-in-interview Placement agencies Field recruitment As a function of management, Public Relations helps to plan and implement the organisation s efforts to influence or change public policy. (a) True (b) False (iv) Identify the type of cost depicted in the graph above. (a) (b) (c) (d) Fixed cost Variable cost Semi-variable cost Abnormal cost TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 2 (v) In the context of the demerits of internal sources of recruitment, which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? 1. It may discourage new talent from entering the organisation. 2. It always brings fresh ideas and innovation to the company. 3. It increases competition among external candidates and widens the talent pool. 4. It reduces the chances of favouritism or bias in promotions. (a) (b) (c) (d) (vi) Only 1 is correct 2 and 3 are correct 1 and 3 are correct 3 and 4 are correct A new fitness studio called FitWave has opened in the neighbourhood. It sells protein bars and workout accessories at the reception desk. It also offers personalised training sessions, yoga classes, and diet consultations to its members. From the above case, which option correctly highlights the difference between a product and a service? (a) Products are activities done; services are physical items that can be touched. (b) Products and services are both intangible and cannot be owned. (c) Services can be stored for later use, while products must be consumed immediately. (d) Products are tangible items like protein bars; services are intangible activities like training sessions. (vii) Which of the following is NOT a feature of personal selling? (a) (b) (c) (d) It involves contact with a large number of non-selected persons. It is the skill of persuading people to buy a product or service. It is a two-way process. It is done through direct, face-to-face contact between salesman and the customer. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 3 (viii) A new streaming platform, Stream Lite, has entered a market already dominated by several big competitors. To attract subscribers quickly, it launches its premium monthly plan at 49, far lower than the usual market price of 199- 299. Identify the pricing strategy adopted by Stream Lite. (a) (b) (c) (d) (ix) Advertising is .as no face-to-face contact is involved between the advertiser and customers. (a) (b) (c) (d) (x) Skimming pricing Penetrating pricing Cost Plus pricing Parity pricing By an identified sponsor Non-personal Paid communication Informative and persuasive A customer deposits a fixed amount every month into an account for a predecided period. The account encourages regular saving habits and earns interest like a fixed deposit. At maturity, the customer receives the total deposits along with accumulated interest. Which type of account/deposit is described above? (a) (b) (c) (d) (xi) Fixed Deposit Account Savings Deposit Account Recurring Deposit Account Current Account .Account is a summary of the Cash Book combining cash and bank transactions. (a) (b) (c) (d) Profit and Loss Account Receipts and Payments Account Income and Expenditure Account Balance Sheet TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 4 (xii) Rachael started a small stationery shop and purchased furniture worth 20,000 for the store. She paid 5,000 in cash and agreed to pay the remaining 15,000 after a month. In her books, she recorded the furniture as an asset added to the business, while also recording the decrease in cash and the creation of a liability for the unpaid amount. Every change had an equal and opposite effect on another account. Which accounting principle would be applicable for the above statement? (a) (b) (c) (d) (xiii) Which of the following is NOT a function of the central bank? (a) (b) (c) (d) (xiv) Issuing currency Controlling credit in the economy Accepting deposits from the general public Acting as the banker to the government Which function of Human Resource Management includes activities like job evaluation, wages and salary administration, bonus. (a) (b) (c) (d) (xv) The Going Concern Concept The Business Entity Concept Money Measurement Concept The Dual Aspect Concept Integration function Maintenance function Development function Compensation function There are two statements given below, marked as Assertion(A) and Reason(R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A): Global warming is increasing the frequency of extreme weather events around the world. Reasoning (R): Rising global temperatures lead to changes in atmospheric and oceanic patterns, which intensify storms, heatwaves, and heavy rainfall. (a) (b) (c) (d) A is true but R is false. A is false but R is true. Both A and R are true, and R explains A. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 5 (xvi) Checking references helps the employer to verify the candidate s past performance, behaviour, and reliability before making a final hiring decision. (a) True (b) False (xvii) Which of the following options correctly lists the 5 R s that are commonly practiced for environmental conservation? (a) (b) (c) (d) (xviii) Identify the elements of Public Relations. (a) (b) (c) (d) (xix) Reduce, Reuse, Replace, Recover, Repair Recycle, Restore, Refuse, Replace, Reduce Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Refuse, Repair Reuse, Rebuild, Recycle, Refuse, Retain Human relations, demands, publicity, empathy Human relations, dialogue, persuasion, empathy Housekeeping, dialogue, persuasion, empathy Housekeeping, demands, publicity, education Mohak purchased a new washing machine from a well-known electronics store. Within a week, the machine began making loud noises and stopped functioning properly. He immediately contacted the store and requested assistance. However, the store manager refused to register his complaint and insisted that once the product is sold, no complaints are entertained. Which consumer right has been violated in this case? (a) (b) (c) (d) (xx) Right to Safety Right to be Heard Right to Choose Right to Consumer Education Excerpt from the book Understanding Markets & Marketing : A market is the arena physical or virtual where buyers and sellers come together to exchange value. Marketing, however, is the strategic process of understanding customer needs, shaping products and services accordingly, and communicating value so that exchanges can happen effectively. A market exists naturally; marketing is created intentionally. - A. R. Menon, author of Understanding Markets & Marketing Based on the excerpt, which option correctly highlights the difference between market and marketing? TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 6 (a) A market is a place of exchange; marketing is a process that facilitates and influences that exchange. (b) A market involves promotional activities; marketing refers only to the physical location of buyers and sellers. (c) A market focusses on customer needs; marketing focusses only on selling products aggressively. (d) A market is created by companies; marketing occurs naturally without planning. Question 2 (i) [10] Distinguish between: (a) On-the-job training and off-the-job training (b) Product advertising and Institutional advertising (ii) Justify the following statements for or against and give a reason: (a) Human resource management is a one shot function. (b) Selection is said to be a negative process. (c) Brand loyalty means that consumers continue to switch brands frequently in search of superior quality. Question 3 [10] Answer the following questions: (i) State and explain any two types of markets on the basis of volume of business. (ii) Highlight any two features of Income and Expenditure account. (iii) Explain the concept of The Matching Principle. (iv) Give an example of direct material cost and indirect material cost each for a garment manufacturer. (v) State any two advantages of payment by cheques. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 7 SECTION B (Answer any four questions from this Section) Question 4 (i) A company has shortlisted five candidates for the position of sales executive. Each candidate is invited to meet a panel of managers, who ask them questions about their experience, strengths, work attitude, and ability to handle customers. The managers also observe their confidence, communication skills, and overall personality before making the final choice. [5] Based on the above case, identify the selection tool being used. Also, explain any two types of this tool. (ii) Discuss the role of human resource management in the light of its professional and social significance. [5] (iii) Meera Enterprises is a non-trading sports club. Which statement would the club prepare to keep a detailed record of its assets and liabilities? State any four uses of this statement. [5] Question 5 (i) [5] Observe the image shown. Identify the modern banking device and explain any four of its key features or functions. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 8 (ii) Discuss the scope of Public Relations with reference to the following stakeholders who create an impact on the business organisation: [5] (a) Employees (b) Consumers (iii) In its early years, Falcon Enterprises focussed entirely on making goods in large [5] quantities. The company believed that as long as products were affordable and widely available, customers would buy them without hesitation. Little attention was given to customer preferences or marketing efforts. (a) Identify the stage of marketing highlighted in the passage. (b) Explain the next two stages of marketing briefly. Question 6 (i) Write a short note on community participation and public awareness for ecological restoration and conservation. [5] (ii) From the statements given below, identify the type of cost: [5] (a) This cost increases in direct proportion to the level of production or activity. (b) This cost includes a fixed component plus a variable component that changes with production. (c) Wages paid to workers who are directly involved in the production process. (d) Wages paid to employees who assist the production process but do not directly handle the product. (e) This cost includes all supporting expenses required for production that cannot be directly traced to a specific product. (iii) [5] Identify the type of non-traditional market depicted in the picture and explain its features. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 9 Question 7 (i) At a local farmer s market, customers walk from stall to stall, examining the vegetables, fruits, and homemade products closely. They pick up items, check their freshness and quality, compare options, and then decide what to buy based entirely on what they see and inspect themselves. No samples are given, and no detailed descriptions are offered, the choice depends on the buyer s own judgment. [5] (a) Identify the method of selling shown in the paragraph. (b) Explain any two other methods of selling. (ii) How is advertising different from personal selling? [5] (iii) Explain the below mentioned elements of product mix: [5] (a) Packaging (b) Labelling Question 8 (i) Explain the concept of sales promotion and discuss any three benefits it provides for businesses and customers. [5] (ii) Write any five benefits of consumer education to the consumers. [5] (iii) Identify the accounting term or principle described in each statement below: [5] (a) This refers to the systematic and chronological recording of financial transactions in the books of accounts. (b) This concept assumes that a business will continue to operate for the foreseeable future and not shut down suddenly. (c) According to this concept, only those events that can be expressed in monetary terms are recorded in the books of accounts. (d) This refers to the set of commonly accepted rules, standards, and guidelines that govern accounting practices. (e) This refers to the complete process of recording, classifying, summarising, and preparing final accounts in a sequence of steps. TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 10 Question 9 CASE STUDY Infosys, one of India s leading IT companies, is well known for its focus on employee development and strong brand-building. As it expands globally, the company invests heavily in training young professionals through structured programmes where new recruits rotate across departments like software development, testing, and client support before receiving permanent roles. It also partners with universities to offer internships that give students hands-on experience on live projects. To strengthen its presence, Infosys often appears in the news for its innovations and CSR activities, gaining free media coverage. Along with this, the company also uses paid promotion through TV commercials, magazines and journals. In recent years, Infosys has increasingly relied on social media platforms such as LinkedIn, Instagram, and YouTube to share product updates, recruitment news, and client success stories, helping it reach a wider global audience. With reference to the above case study, answer the following questions: (i) Identify and explain the two methods of training being used by the company. [5] (ii) Identify the two elements of the promotion mix used by the company and explain the difference between them. [5] (iii) Infosys is heavily relying on social media advertising. Mention any five advantages of using social media for promotion. [5] TSRS/AR/Commercial Applications/X/Pre-Board Exam/ 2025-26 The paper consists of 11 printed sides. Page 11

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