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metallurgy 1

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METALLURGY II 1 Mineral : The metallic compounds occurring in nature are called minerals. 2. Ore : A naturally occurring mineral from which a metal can be conveniently extracted, is called an ore. 3. Matrix or Gangue : The unwanted impurities which are associated with ore are called gangue or matrix. Stone, sand, clay, etc., constitute gangue. 4. Metallurgy : The processes involved in the extraction of pure metals from their ore are collectively called metallurgy. 5. Dressing of ore : The process or processes involved, which give the ore such a physical form, so that gangue can be easily removed from it, is called dressing of ore. Handpicking, grinding, crushing and pulverising are the common methods employed during the dressing of ore. 6. Concentration of ore : The various processes which help in the removal of gangue from dressed ore, thereby increasing the percentage of metal in ore, are called concentration of ore. 7. Concentration by electromagnetic process : In this process, the iron particles and its compounds are removed from the ore, when pulverised ore is allowed to move over a belt, driven by an electromagnetic pulley. 8. Concentration by gravity process : In this process the pulverised ore is placed over a wide sloping table. A jet of water is directed against the ore, when the lighter particles of gangue are washed off, leaving behind ore. 9. Concentration by froth floatation process : This process is used for the concentration of sulphide ores. The pulverised ore is churned in a mixture of water and pine oil with compressed air, when foam is formed. The sulphide particles stick to foam and rise up. The foam is removed and from it, the concentrated ore is removed. 1 Key Points

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