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ICSE Class X Question Bank 2026 : Mathematics

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PAWAR PUBLIC SCHOOL, HADAPSAR, PUNE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION I (2025-2026) SUBJECT BIOLOGY Std: X Max Marks: 80 Date: 04/12/2025 Duration: 2 h Answer to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in the bracket [ ]. SECTION A (40 Marks) (Attempt all questions from this Section.) Question 1 Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options. (Do not copy the question, write the correct answers only.) [15] (i) Homo erectus was notable in human evolution for an early discovery that greatly improved survival during cold conditions and cooking. (a) Discovering fire (b) Inventing agriculture (c) Using simple tools (d) Developing language (ii) Over-secretion of Somatotropin in adults, after the fusion of the long bone epiphyses, leads to: (a) Gigantism (b) Dwarfism (c) Acromegaly (d) Myxoedema (iii) A human somatic cell has 46 chromosomes. How many of these are autosomes and how many are allosomes? (a) 23 autosomes + 23 allosomes (b) 44 autosomes + 2 allosomes (c) 22 autosomes + 24 allosomes (d) 21 autosomes + 25 allosomes (iv) Biston betularia, a species of peppered moth, developed darker forms in industrial areas to blend with soot-covered trees. This evolutionary change is an example of: (a) Mimicry (b) Camouflage (c) Natural selection (d) Selective breeding The Paper consists of 7 printed pages. 1 of 7 (v) In Pavlov s experiment on dogs, the animals began to salivate at the sound of a bell even before food was presented. This behaviour is an example of: (a) Natural reflex (b) Conditioned reflex (c) Voluntary action (d) Involuntary action (vi) Assertion (A): People living in the mountain region often suffer from simple goitre. Reason (R): The thyroid gland secretes less thyroxine due to deficiency of iodine. (a) A is true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) A is true but R is not the correct explanation of A (c) A is false but R is true (d) Both A and R are false (vii) During light adaptation, the pupil of the human eye will_____ and rhodopsin_____: (a) Dilates; regenerates (b) Constricts; bleaches (c) Dilates; bleaches (d) Constricts; regenerates (viii) The average lifespan of a human red blood cell is about: (a) 30 days (b) 90 days (c) 120 days (d) 180 days (ix) Aawais skips breakfast and feels light-headed. Which hormone is released to raise his blood glucose? (a) Insulin (b) Growth hormone (c) Thyroxine (d) Glucagon (x) The diagram below shows a neuron. Its main function is to: (a) Phagocytose pathogens (b) Conduct nerve impulses (c) Secrete hormones (d) Carry oxygen 2 of 7 (xi) In a normal 28-day menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs around day _____ and is triggered by a surge of _____ hormone. (a) 14: FSH (b) 14: LH (c) 21: Estrogen (d) 28: Progesterone (xii) A gardener sprays a dwarf pea plant with a plant hormone to increase its stem length. The hormone used is: (a) Auxin (b) Cytokinin (c) Gibberellin (d) Abscisic acid (xiii) Ankur s urine test shows an abnormally high protein content. He is most likely suffering from: (a) Glucosuria (b) Albuminuria (c) Hematuria (d) Leucopenia (xiv) The permanent end of a woman s reproductive phase (when menstruation stops, usually around age 45 50) is called: (a) Menopause (b) Puberty (c) Menarche (d) Oogenesis (xv) The body s balance (equilibrium) is mainly maintained by the: (a) Cerebellum and inner ear (b) Cerebrum and cochlea (c) Brainstem and pinna (d) Frontal lobe and eardrum Question 2 (i) Give the biological / technical terms for the following: [5] (a) Waste material in air that causes respiratory problems when mixed with fog. (b) The protective covering that encloses and safeguards the brain and spinal cord. (c) Pressure generated in root cells by absorbed water that drives water up the xylem. (d) The fluid in the eye that helps focus light and maintains intraocular pressure. (e) The tube connecting the pharynx to the middle ear to equalize pressure. 3 of 7 (ii) Given below is a paragraph on the human heart. Read the information carefully and fill in the blanks: [5] The heart is enclosed by a membrane called the (a) ________ . The left ventricle pumps blood into the (b) ________, and the right ventricle pumps blood into the (c) ________. The flaps of the atrio-ventricular valves are kept in position by (d) ________, while the (e) ________ arteries supply oxygenated blood to the walls of the heart itself. (iii) Study the diagram of the human female reproductive system below and match each labelled structure with its function. Human female reproductive system [5] Function A. Houses and nourishes the developing foetus during pregnancy.. B. Lower narrow part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. C. Serves as the birth canal and receives the penis during copulation. D. Transports the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and is the site of fertilisation. E. Produces ova (eggs) and secretes female sex hormones. (iv) Rustomji visits an eye doctor for a vision check-up. On the wall, he notices a chart with several questions about the human eye. Read the questions carefully and answer the questions that follow: [5] (a) Which part of the eye regulates the amount of light entering it? (b) Name the yellow sensitive spot on the retina responsible for sharp vision. (c) Which part of the eye maintains the shape of the eyeball and holds the retina in position? (d) Name the transparent structure that focuses light rays on the retina. (e) Which nerve carries the impulses from the retina to the brain? (iii) Choose the odd term out from each of the following sets of terms. Mention the category to which the remaining four belong: [5] (a) Tall, Round seed, Yellow seed, Green pod, White flower (b) Vas deferens, Ureter, Urethra, Nephron, Urinary bladder (c) Auxin, Gibberellin, Cytokinin, Adrenaline, Abscisic acid (d) Medulla oblongata, Pulmonary vein, Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Spinal cord (e) Chlorophyll, Stomata, Grana, Thylakoid, Mitochondria 4 of 7 Question 3 SECTION B (Attempt any four questions from this Section) (i) Define guttation. (ii) Differentiate between genotype and phenotype of an organism. (iii)What is the scientific name of Mendel s pea plant and state one reason why he chose it for his experiments. (iv)What is meant by hypotonic solution? How do cells behave in an hypotonic solution? (v) Observe the diagram and answer the following questions. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] (a) Name the surgical process shown in the image. (b) Which part of the male reproductive system is cut and tied during this process? (c) What is the main purpose of performing this surgical procedure? Question 4 (i) State Mendel s Law of Segregation. (ii) In which of the following conditions is the rate of transpiration higher (a) a windy, dry day or (b) a still, humid day? Give a reason for your answer. (iii) Write the full form (expansion) of each: ATP; DNA. (iv) Which tube equalizes pressure on both sides of the eardrum? Name one part of the ear where this tube opens. (v) Santosh observes that in a certain cross of pea plants 150 offspring are tall and 50 are short in F2 generation (a) What were the genotypes of the two parent plants ? (b) Which trait is dominant in F1? (c) What are the expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the F2 offspring? [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] Question 5 (i) Define menarche. (ii) In what form is excess glucose stored in the following? (a) animals (b) plants (iii)Riya is playing cricket and focuses on a ball thrown at her. She suddenly remembers playing the same game with her father. (a) Which lobe of the cerebrum helps her to focus on the ball? (b) Which lobe of the cerebrum helps her to remember playing with her father? (iv) State two major functions of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell. (v) Draw a neat labelled structure of a human sperm. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] 5 of 7 Question 6 (i) Define mortality rate. (ii) A region has a population of 50000. Births = 1000, Deaths = 500. Find the growth rate per 1000 people. (iii) Name the process by which water vapour is lost from the surface of aerial parts of plants. How can plants reduce this process using one adaptation? (iv) Which part of nephron lies in the: (a) Renal cortex (b) Renal medulla (v) Draw and label a magnified view of a plant root tip showing a root hair cell. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] Question 7 (i) How does depletion of the ozone layer affect life on Earth? Give one effect. (ii) State any two features that distinguish Australopithecus from modern humans. (iii) With the help of a neat labelled diagram, show how the defect of myopia is corrected. (iv)Write one function each of cerumen or ear wax and ear ossicles. (v) Observe the given diagram and answer the questions that follow. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] (a) Name the tropic movement displayed by the shoots. (b) Why do the roots always grow downward? (c) Which plant hormone helps regulate these responses? Question 8 (i) What is biodegradable waste? Give an example. (ii) State any two objectives of Swacchh Bharat Abhiyan. (iii) Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a stomatal apparatus as seen in the leaf. (iv) Give one example of a gene and its allele. (v) Riya covered part of a healthy green leaf with dark paper and left the plant in sunlight. Later she tested the leaf with iodine solution. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] (a) Which part(s) of the leaf turned blue-black? (b) Explain the reason for this result. 6 of 7 (c) Write the balanced chemical reaction of photosynthesis. 7 of 7

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