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ICSE Prelims 2017 : Geography Must Know Questions (Chatrabhuj Narsee Memorial School (CNM), Mumbai)

11 pages, 378 questions, 263 questions with responses, 325 total responses,

Sanchit Modi
Bhaktivedanta Swami Mission School (BSMS), Mumbai

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Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal s C.N.M. School & N.D. Parekh Pre-Primary School MUST KNOW QUESTIONS GEOGRAPHY STD. X 2016-1 SURVEY MAPS AND MAP MARKING Q) Study the Survey of India Map sheet No. 45 D/7 Northing 90-00 and Eastings 83-93 (2002) and answer the following questions: (a) (i) Give six figure grid reference of the Surveyed tree located close to Malpuriya. (ii) Identify the feature at 883992 (b) (i) Varka Nala is a tributary/ distributary of the Sipu River. Pick up the correct answer and justify the same. (ii) Through which course does Hanva Nala flow in the given map extract? Justify your answer with two evidences. (iii) What sort of climate does the erosional features along the stream banks in 8398 indicate? (c) (i) What is Stony waste in 8596? How is it different from Rock outcrop? (ii) Identify the brown dashes in 9293? Why are they drawn there? (d) (i) The open mixed jungle in the north-eastern part of the map extract experiences seasonal rainfall and seasonal flood. Justify the Statement with one evidence for each. (ii) Differentiate between 200 in brown in 8695 and blue line in 8799. (e) (i) Differentiate between the settlement Akol and Jegol (Two points) (ii) Identify the settlement pattern of Bhadli (Jhat). Why do we find such type of settlement pattern there? (iii) State the reason behind the absence of tidal rivers in the given region. (f) (i) Differentiate between 20r in 8994 and 6r in 8495. (ii) Calculate the distance between the manmade dry tank in 8495 and the unlined perennial well in 8493 (g) (i) Calculate the length of the cart track joining Akol and Jhat in metres and kilometres. (ii) How long a person will take to cross the latitude 23025 if he walks at a speed of 2km per hour? (h) (i) Identify two relief features from 9198. (ii) Name one means of transport each used on the roads found adjacent to Gangawada. (iii) Name two agents of erosion acting over the area in the given map extract. Justify your answer. (i) (i) Differentiate between the drainage pattern in 9295 and 8494 (ii) Identify two primary occupations and one secondary occupation practiced by the people of Panswala. (iii) Explain R.F. scale of the given map. How is it different from the statement scale? (j) (i) The northwestern corner of the given map extract experiences scanty rainfall while north eastern part experiences moderate rainfall. Justify the statement. (ii) Differentiate between the black dots in 9292 and the black dots in 8395. (iii) State the difference between 277 and (8998) and 284 (9294). (k) Explain the following terms: (i) Fire lines (ii) Lime kiln (iii) Cause way (iv)Sheet crop (v) Contour interval (vi)Rock outcrop (vii) Stony waste (viii)Crags (ix)Chimney (x) Antiquities (xi)Spring (xii) Index contour (xiii)Vertical black line (xiv) Horizontal black line Question 2 On the Outline Map of India Mark, Shade and Label the following: Indian Standard Meridian IT Capital of India River Son Konkan Coast Gulf of Kutch Northern Circars Satpura Range Tropical Cyclonic Winds A Sparsely populated State in India Karakoram Range Alluvial soil in southern India. Ganga plains Largest oilfield in India Deltaic Alluvial Soils above the Tropic of Winds that bring rainfall to Punjab during Cancer The Old Fold Mountains in India summer Hyderabad The Mountains considered as the youngest Nathula Pass of all Fold mountains in the World An area with laterite soil in the northeast River Tungabhadra The Temperate Cyclonic Winds River Satluj The plateau rich in Black soil River Yamuna The plateau considered as the Ruhr of Chennai India Allahabad The monsoon winds which blow parallel to Administrative Capital of India Coromandel Coast in summer Kochi The river which has its source in the Winter Monsoons on Tamil Nadu Coast Mahableshwar hills On shore oil-reserve in India The hills in the south which are absent The Western Ghats between river Godavari and Krishna THE CLIMATE OF INDIA (a) Name the local winds that blow over Karnataka and Assam in the months of May. What economic benefits do they bring to these states? (b) State the sources of rainfall in the state of Tamilnadu during winter. Explain mechanism of these wind systems. (c) Give geographical reasons for the following: (i) Vishakhapatnam has a lesser annual range of temperature than Lucknow. (ii) Malabar Coast receives heavy rainfall in June. (iii)Srinagar is cooler than Chandigarh. (iv) Chennai more rainy months but less amount of rainfall. (v) Kochi has moderate climate but not Kanpur. (vi) Shimla receives snowfall but not Ooty (vii) Patna receives heavy rains than Haridwar (viii) Terai region receives heavy rainfall. (ix) The summer monsoons retreat by October. (x) Andaman and Nicobar islands receive rainfall even during November. (d) Study the climatic data provided below and answer the questions that follow: Stn Month J F M A M J J A S O N D . A Temperatur 21. 22. 26. 29. 29. 27. 25. 24. 24. 25. 22. 20. e in 0C 0 6 3 2 7 5 1 5 8 5 5 5 Rainfall in 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.5 2.7 11. 16. 9.0 13. 9.0 2.7 0.3 cms 4 7 4 (i) Identify the coldest and hottest month. (ii) Calculate the mean annual temperature and rainfall for the station. (iii) Does the station have a maritime or a continental climate? Give a reason for your answer. (iv) Which winds bring maximum rainfall to the station? (v) Name a city which has similar kind of climatic conditions. Justify your answer. e. (i) Name the type of climate prevailing over India. (ii) Whyis the climate named so? f. Give geographical reasons for the following: (i) The month of October experiences a sultry and oppressive weather. (ii) Punjab experiences rainfall in the winter) g. (i) Differentiate between the Burst of Monsoons and Break of Monsoons. (ii) Why do we find presence of a desert on the western part of India? Give two reasons. (iii) What are pre monsoon showers? h. Study the climatic data provided below and answer the questions that follow: Stn . A Month J F Temperature 11.7 14. in 0C 1 Rainfall in 2.1 2.3 cms M A M J J A S O N D 21. 1 1.0 30. 8 0.9 36. 2 1.5 38. 1 5.6 36. 3 21. 1 32. 4 19. 2 28 26. 7 0.6 16. 1 0.3 13. 6 1.8 15. 1 (i) Name the driest and hottest month. (ii) Calculate the range of the temperature, total annual rainfall and total annual temperature of the station. (iii) Name a city with same kind of climatic characteristics. Justify your answer. (iv) Which winds bring rainfall to the given city during winter? i. Name one area which gets rainfall from tropical cyclones in India. Mention the place of its origin. (ii) Name two areas each which get scanty and heavy rainfall in India. j. State two important features of rainfall in India. k. (i) Differentiate between the rainfall received by Kerala and West Bengal in the period of South West Monsoon wind. (ii) Why does Kochi not have a clear cut winter season? l. Give geographical reasons for the following: (i) Hill stations in South India does not experience snowfall. (ii) Varanasi is quite cold in the month of December. (iii) Northwest India experiences thunderstorm in hot and dry season. SOILS IN INDIA (a) (i) Why is alluvial soil good for crop cultivation? (ii) Why is black soil known as self ploughed soil? (b) Differentiate between Sheet Erosion and Gully Erosion. (c) Define the following: (i) Soil (ii) Khadar (iii) Leaching (iv) Insitu Soil (v) Soil conservation (vi) Soil erosion (d) Give a geographical reason for the following: (i) Red soil needs regular manuring. (ii) Laterite soils have the characteristics of both in-situ and transported soil. (iii) Terrace farming is an ideal way to stop soil erosion on the hill slopes. (iv) Alluvial soil is red in colour in the Valleys of Assam. (v) Black soil does not get leached. (vi) Alluvial soil differs in texture (vii) Laterite soil is a leached soil (viii) Alluvial soil is black in colour in the Godavari Delta. (ix) Deltaic alluvial soil is clayey (x) Alluvial soil in the Ganga plains is loamy e. Differentiate between: 1. Black Soil and Red Soil. 2. Lowland and Upland Laterite soil 3. Deltaic and Coastal alluvial soil f. How is laterite soil formed? In which climate do we find laterite soil? g. Give geographical reasons for the following: (i) Laterite soils have low fertility. (ii) The soils of lower Ganga valley are more compact than the soils of upper Ganga Valley. (iii) The foothills of Western Himalayas experience extensive soil erosion. h. Name the following: (i) One mineral, one cash crop, and one food crop grown in alluvial, black, red, and laterite soil (ii)One transported and one in-situ soil i. Differentiate between black soil and alluvial soil on the basis of their formation. j. State two causes of soil erosion in India and the one remedy for each. k. How is laterite soil formed? In which climate do we find laterite soil? (i) State the formation of red soil. (ii) Why do we find red soils in the plateau regions of India? (iii) Which soil is the most extensive soil in India? Why? l. (i) What is soil fertility? (ii) Why are the alluvial soils of south India darker in colour? (iii) State the need for soil conservation-Give two reasons. NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA (a) Why the deciduous forest is commercially most exploited? (2 points) (b) Give two characteristics features of the tidal forest. (c) Name the tree and the forest to which the following belong: (i) Used for making hookahs and ploughs (ii) Used for rearing of shellac worms (iii) Light reddish brown wood used for making tea chests (d) What is silviculture? Mention two conservation methods that should be undertaken to arrest deforestation. (e) State the difference in the type of vegetation found on the windward and leeward side of Western Ghats. (f) State the difference in the type of vegetation found on the windward and leeward side of Aravallis. (g) Why do we come across tropical evergreen forest in the north eastern part of the country? h. Give two features of the Rainforest of India. i. What are tidal forests? Give two areas in India where it is found. j. Mention three trees of the Tropical thorn forest and state one use of each of the trees. k. How do forests play a vital role in protecting the environment? (3 points) l. Give two characteristic features of the Tidal forest. m. Give the climatic conditions of the Montane forest. n. State one use of the following trees: (i) Mulberry (ii) Sal (iii) Sissoo (iv) Ber (v) Sundari (vi) Spruce o. Mention three reasons why forests must be conserved. p. To which type of forest do these trees belong: 1. Hintal 2. Ebony 3. Deodar 4. Khair 5. Semul 6. Palas 7. Sal 8. Walnut q. Differentiate between Reforestation and Afforestation WATER RESOURCES (a) Why is there a need to convert inundation canals into perennial canals? Give two points. (b) (i) How is Persian Wheel method different from Mhote method? (ii) Name two systems of recharging groundwater. (c) (i) Drip irrigation is expensive. Give reason. (ii) Give two reasons to justify the need to conserve water. (d) (i) Which type of irrigation is mainly practiced in the peninsular India? Why? (ii) State the advantage of rainwater harvesting? Give two points. (e) (i) Well irrigation is widely practiced in India. Give two reasons. (ii) Under which conditions tube wells can be constructed? Give two points. (f) (i) Non-conventional methods of irrigation is gaining more importance. Justify. (ii) Which is the most preferred non-conventional system of irrigation? Why? (g) (i) What is rain water harvesting? (ii) Why should it be practiced in India? (i) (j) (k) (l) (iii) Name one receptacle of rain water harvesting. (h) (i) State the advantage of canals in the northern plains over tanks found in the Deccan plateau. (ii) Spray irrigation leads to plant disease. Give reason. (iii)Soil is becoming unproductive in areas of canal irrigation. Give reason. Differentiate between Drip Irrigation and Furrow Irrigation. Give two points. Explain the following: (i) Watershed Management (ii) Haryali (i) Inundation canals are called flood canals. Why? (ii) Surface wells are more advantageous than inundation canals. Justify (iii) State the difference between tube wells and surface wells. (i) Irrigation is important despite of the South West Monsoon. Give two points. (ii) State the main objective of rain water harvesting. m. Mention two factors which are essential for Tube well irrigation. n. Canal irrigation is mainly concentrated in the northern plains. MINERALS IN INDIA (a) (i) Name the mineral called as black gold and liquid gold . (ii) Why are they called so? (b) (i) What is lignite? Name the State where it is mainly found. (ii) Name one oil refinery each in Maharashtra and Gujarat. (c) (i) Name two products and two by-products of petroleum. (ii) State the use of Manganese in plants and animals. (d)Name the minerals used in the following: (i) Glass (ii) Ship building industries (iii) Nylon (iv) Kerosene (e) What is Bauxite? Give two uses of the same. (f) (i) How is limestone formed? Name two states, where it is found. (ii) Which type of coal is used in Industries? How? (g) State the leading producers of the following: (i) Lignite (iii) Limestone (iv) Mineral oil (ii) Bauxite (v) (h) (i) Why is bauxite used in Shipping industry? (vi) (ii) State the importance of minerals in India. Give two points. (vii) (i) State the difference between Bituminous and Lignite. Give two points. (viii) (j) Name the two types of limestone. State their uses. (ix) (k) State the use of the following: (i) pig iron (iii) powered iron (iv)radioactive iron (ii) iron blue (v) (l) (i) Which variety coal is used for domestic purpose? Why? (vi) (ii) How is coal formed? (vii) (iii)Name the kind of rock in which petroleum is mainly found. (viii) (m) Coal is called a versatile mineral. Justify (ix)(n) How is petroleum formed? Where it is mainly formed? (x) (o) Differentiate between characteristics of Anthracite and peat. (xi)(p) Why is the Anthracite the most suitable for domestic purposes? (xii) (q) Why is Bituminous the most used coal for industries? (xiii) (xiv) AGRICULTURE IN INDIA (a) (i) Compare the characteristics of Intensive Commercial farming and Extensive Commercial farming. (xv) (ii) State two advantages of Plantation agriculture. (xvi) (iii)Why is Mesta considered a substitute of jute? (xvii) (iv) What happens when1) its rains during the harvesting of cotton 2) it rains during tapping 3) it rains before the harvesting of wheat 4) it floods during the maturing of sugarcane 5) the tea bushes are pruned 6) Sugarcane is not processed in the first 48 hrs. of harvesting (b) Differentiate between the following: (i) Subsistence agriculture and Mixed farming (ii) Geographical conditions required for cultivation of(xviii) # wheat and rice # tea and coffee (iii) Arabica and Liberica (iv)Drilling and Dibbling (c) (i) State an advantage and drawback of Milling. (xix) (ii) Give the geographical requirement for cultivation of cotton and jute. Name the leading producer of the same. (xx) (iii) State the problems of agriculture in India and solutions for the same. (d) Explain the following and name the crop to which they are associated: (i) Rolling (iv)Withering (v) Roasting (ii) Ratooning (vi)Flush (iii) Retting (vii) Ginning (viii) (e) (i) Why does rice not form the staple food of people in North India? (ii) State the importance of Transplantation in agriculture. Name two crops which go through this process besides rice. (iii) Why is rubber grown on gentle slopes of hills? (ix) (f) (i) Why is production of sugar cane increasing in Maharashtra? (x) (ii) What is the importance of Green Revolution? (Three points) (xi) (g) Give geographical reasons for the following(xii) (iii) Coffee plantations are surrounded by shady trees. (xiii) (iv) Rubber plantations have cover crops. (xiv) (h) (i) Name two non-edible oil seeds and two uses each. (xv) (ii) Give the geographical term for each of the following The residue after crushing of oilseeds. The process by which latex is hardened into rubber. Propagation of sugarcane by using the pieces of good quality sugarcane. Propagation of sugarcane by using root stock of the harvested cane. Shifting the saplings from nursery beds to the main field. (xvi) (i) (i) Explain briefly the processing of Cotton. (ii) Name the State which leads in production of Cotton in India. State the climatic conditions which affect the Cotton crop adversely. (iii) Cultivation of Pulses as a commercial food crop has increased over the years. Explain. (j) State the problems of Sugarcane cultivators and the role of the government in solving them. (k) What is the advantage of growing rice in nurseries before it is transplanted? (l) Why does rice grow well in a soil with a clay like subsoil? (m)Why are mostly women employed to harvest it? (n) Mention the geographical conditions required for cultivation of Tea. (o) Explain the following terms: (xvii) 1. Shifting agriculture (xviii) 2. Bud grafting (xix) 3. Oil cake (p) (i) State the difference in characteristics of Black tea and Green tea. (xx) (ii) Tea is widely grown in the Nilgiri hills. Explain with special reference to its geography. (iv) Differentiate between Kharif crop and Rabi crop. Give one example each. (q) (i) Why does Tea grown in different parts of India taste different? How is this limitation overcome? (ii) Name and describe the methods of propagation of rubber. (iii) Why is a lot of labour required for cultivation of sugarcane? (iv) Why is Tapping of Rubber done in early hours of the day? (xxi) (xxii) AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES (a) (i) Explain with the help of an example each the factors which affect Industrialization in India. (ii) State the problems of Jute textile industry in India. (iii) Mention the factors which have led to the growth of Sugar industry in South India. (b) (i) Explain the by-products of Sugar and state its use. (ii) Silk industry is well developed in Karnataka. Give reason. (iii) Khadi and Handloom industry is an important industry in India-Give reason. (c) (i) Mention three problems each of Cotton textile industry in India. (ii) Name two types non-mulberry Silk. (iii) Classify industries on the basis of the nature of its product. Give one example each. (d) (i) What is Sericulture? Why is Karnataka leading producer of Mulberry silk? (ii) India produces very little cane sugar though it is one of the largest producer of sugarcane in the world-Give reason. (iii) Why is Silk industry considered as a small scale industry? (xxiii) (e) (i) Kolkata is a leading producer of Cotton textile inspite of West Bengal not being a (xxiv) leading producer of Cotton. Explain. Giving two points. (xxv) (ii)Why is Ahmedabad is a leading producer of Cotton textile in India? (xxvi) (iii) State the factors which lead to development of the Ahmedabad-Vadodara Industrial (xxvii) region and name two agro based industries in this region. (xxviii) (f) (i) Why is Woollen industry a localized industry in India? (xxix) (ii) Where and why does the Woollen Industry flourish in India? Why is this industry (xxx) limited to this area only? (g) (i) Differentiate between the Northern Indian Sugar industry and Sugar industry in the peninsular India. (xxxi) (ii)Why is Cotton textile industry an agro based industry? (h) (i) Why is it more widespread than the Jute industry? (xxxii) (ii) State a similarity and difference between the Woollen and the Silk industry. (xxxiii) (iii) State the problems of Silk Industry. i. Give two reasons for the importance of Jute industry in the Ganga- Brahmaputra delta region. j. State the problems faced by the Sugar industries. (a) (b) (c) (xxxiv) (xxxv) MINERAL BASED INDUSTRIES State two requirements of heavy engineering industries. Which large scale industry is associated with the following centres given below: (i) Kolkata (iii) Mangalore (ii) Rourkela (iv)Perambur (i) From where does Tata iron and steel industry get its coal and iron ore? (d) (ii) Vishakhapatnam is a leading centre for ship building. Give reason. (e) (d) (i) Where was the first aircraft industry set up in India? (f) (ii) State the factors that affect the location of integrated steel plant. (g) (iii)Industries are mainly concentrated in the areas near the coal fields. Justify. (h) (iv) Vishakhapatnam is an important centre for shipbuilding. Give reason. (i) (e) State the advantages of the Vishakhapatnam steel plant over other steel plants in India. (j) Give two points. (k) (f) State the advantage and disadvantage of integrated iron and steel plant. (l) (g) Name the cities known for the following: (i) Manufacturer of Maruti cars (ii) Ship building yard in the east (m) (h) (i) Mini steel plant is encouraged by the government. Give two reasons. (n) (ii) Petrochemical products are highly preferred. Justify. (o) (i) State the factors that favour location of shipbuilding industry. Give two points. (p) (j) Name the places from where Durgapur steel plant get its following raw materials: (q) (i) limestone (s) (iii) power supply (r) (ii) dolomite (t) (iv) water supply (u) (k) (i) Name the two most important centres of electronic industry in India. (v) (ii) Petrochemical products are replacing natural products. Give reason. (w) (iii) Name two basic requirements of Automobile industry. (x) (l) (i) Where is Diesel locomotive works located? (y) (ii) What is HAL? State two of its functions. (z) m. Mention the advantage of Mini steel plant over Intergrated steel plant. (aa) n. Drawbacks of mini steel plant. (bb) o. Heavy industries require huge capital investments. Justify. (cc) p. The electronics industry contributes to the development of the country (dd) q. Name the industrial products the following centres are well known: (ee) 1. Bokaro (ff) 2. Perumbur (gg) 3. Bangalore (hh) 4. Jamnagar (ii) 5. Mysore (jj) 6. Kamrup (kk) 7. Ludiana (ll) 8. Kanpur (mm) 9. Hoogly (nn) 10. Chittaranjan (oo) (pp) TRANSPORT AND WASTE (a) Why is road transport favoured in the northern plains of India? (2 points) (b) Name two areas where helicopter services are used. Name the first expressway constructed in the country. (c) (i) What is biodegradable waste? (qq) (ii) How does waste accumulation affect the environment? (rr) (iii) State the harmful impact of building big dams on the environment. (d) (i) Why is nuclear waste harmful? (2 points) (ss) (ii) How does one reduce environmental pollution? (tt) (e)Why is Railways preferred over waterways? (2 points) (uu) (f) Give two benefits of the GQ Project. (g) (i) Why are Northern rivers preferred for navigation over Deccan rivers? (vv) (ii) Why is open dumping not considered environment friendly? (2 points) (h) What is Acid rain? State two consequences of it. (ww) i. Give the difference between State highways and Expressways. (2 points) (xx) j. Mention 2 problems faced by the Indian Railways. (yy) k. (i) What makes air transport a popular mode in India? (zz) (ii) State two common diseases caused as a result of gaseous pollution (aaa) (iii) What caused the Minamata disease? (bbb) l. (i) Name two greenhouse gases. (ccc) (ii)State two causes of depletion of ozone layer. (ddd) m. What is Incineration? State its advantage. (eee) n. What is Biodegradable waste? (fff) o. Explain Composting and Segregation (ggg) p. Road ways are always considered more important than any other means of transport. Explain. (hhh)

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