
	Trending ▼ ICSE CBSE 10th ISC CBSE 12th CTET GATE UGC NET Vestibulares ResFinder

ICSE Class X Prelims 2027 : Geography (Vivek High School, Sector 38-B, Chandigarh) : Syllabus

11 pages, 0 questions, 0 questions with responses, 0 total responses,

	Punjabi	+Fave Message
	Profile Timeline Uploads

Home > punjabi1313 >

Formatting page ...

ICSE YEAR 2027 INDIAN CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION H.C.G (50) GEOGRAPHY February 2025 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Copyright, Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations All rights reserved. The copyright to this publication and any part thereof solely vests in the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations. This publication and no part thereof may be reproduced, transmitted, distributed or stored in any manner whatsoever, without the prior written approval of the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations. Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) MISSION STATEMENT The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations is committed to serving the nation's children, through high quality educational endeavours, empowering them to contribute towards a humane, just and pluralistic society, promoting introspective living, by creating exciting learning opportunities, with a commitment to excellence. ETHOS OF CISCE Trust and fair play. Minimum monitoring. Allowing schools to evolve their own niche. Catering to the needs of the children. Giving freedom to experiment with new ideas and practices. Diversity and plurality - the basic strength for evolution of ideas. Schools to motivate pupils towards the cultivation of: Excellence - The Indian and Global experience. Values - Spiritual and cultural - to be the bedrock of the educational experience. Schools to have an 'Indian Ethos', strong roots in the national psyche and be sensitive to national aspirations. HISTORY, CIVICS AND GEOGRAPHY (50) GEOGRAPHY H.C.G. - Paper - 2 Candidates offering History, Civics and Geography (Thailand) are not eligible to offer History, Civics and Geography. Aims: 1. To develop an understanding of terms, concepts and principles related to Geography. 2. To explain the cause- effect relationships of natural phenomena. 3. To understand the use of natural resources and development of regions. 4. To acquire knowledge of and appreciate the interdependence of nations and different regions of the world. 5. To know the availability of resources, understand, explain their uses and appreciate the problems of development in India. 6. To understand and encourage human efforts made to conserve and protect the natural environment. 7. To acquire practical skills related to the meaning and use of maps and their importance in the study of Geography. CLASS IX (c) Using latitudes and longitudes to find location. Calculation of time. There will be one paper of two hours duration carrying 80 marks and an Internal Assessment of 20 marks. (d) Great Circles and their use. Candidates will be expected to make the fullest use of sketches, diagrams, graphs and charts in their answers. (iii) Rotation and Revolution Rotation direction, speed and its effects (occurrence of day and night, the sun rising in the east and setting in the west, Coriolis effect) Questions may require answers involving the interpretation of photographs of geographical interest. Revolution of the earth and its inclined axis effects: the variation in the length of the day and night and seasonal changes with Equinoxes and Solstices. PRINCIPLES OF GEOGRAPHY 1. Our World 2. Structure of the Earth (i) Earth as a planet (i) Earth s Structure Shape of the earth. Earth as the home of humankind and the conditions that exist. Core, mantle, crust meaning, extent and their composition. (ii) Geographic grid - Latitudes & Longitudes (a) Concept of latitudes: main latitudes, their location with degrees, parallels of latitude and their uses. (ii) Landforms of the Earth Mountains, plateaus, plains (definition, types and their formation): (b) Concept of longitudes - Prime Meridian, time (local, standard and time zones, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and International Date Line (IDL). Eastern and Western hemisphere. ICSE Examination Year 2027 Mountains fold, residual and block. Plateaus intermont and volcanic. Plains structural and depositional. 1 (ii) Insolation Examples from the world and India. (iii) Rocks - difference between minerals and rocks, types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, their characteristics and formation; rock cycle. Meaning of insolation and terrestrial radiation. Factors affecting temperature: latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, slope of land, winds and ocean currents. (iv) Volcanoes Meaning, Types active, dormant and extinct. (iii) Atmospheric Pressure and Winds. Effects constructive and destructive. Meaning and factors atmospheric pressure. Important volcanic zones of the world. that affect Major pressure belts of the world. (v) Earthquakes Factors affecting direction and velocity of wind pressure gradient, Coriolis Effect. Permanent winds Trades, Westerlies and Polar Easterlies. Periodic winds - Land and Sea breezes, Monsoons. Types: Physical Weathering block and granular disintegration, exfoliation; Local winds - Loo, Chinook, Foehn and Mistral. Chemical Weathering oxidation, carbonation, hydration and solution; Variable winds Anticyclones. Biological Weathering caused by humans, plants and animals. Jet Streams- Meaning and importance. Meaning, causes and measurement. Effects: destructive and constructive. Earthquake zones of the World (vi) Weathering and Denudation Meaning, types and effects of weathering. - Cyclones and (iv) Humidity Meaning and agents of denudation; work of river and wind. Stages of a river course and associated land forms V-shaped valley, waterfall, meander and delta. Humidity meaning and difference between relative and absolute humidity. Condensation forms (clouds, dew, frost, fog and mist). Wind deflation hollows and Sand dunes. Precipitation - forms (rain, snow, and hail). Types of rainfall relief/orographic, convectional, cyclonic/ frontal with examples from the different parts of the world. 3. Hydrosphere Meaning of hydrosphere. Tides - formation and pattern. Ocean Currents their circulation pattern and effects. (Specifically of Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Labrador Current, Kuro Shio and Oya Shio.) 5. (a) Types - air, water (fresh and marine), soil, radiation and noise. 4. Atmosphere (b) Sources: (i) Composition and structure of the atmosphere. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ionosphere and Exosphere; Ozone in the Stratosphere, its depletion. Global warming and its impact. ICSE Examination Year 2027 Pollution 2 Noise: Traffic, factories, construction sites, loudspeakers, airports. Air: vehicular, industrial, burning of garbage. Water: domestic and industrial waste. Soil: chemical fertilizers, bio medical waste and pesticides. Radiation: X- rays; radioactive fallout from nuclear plants. 5. Plateaus Canadian Shield, Tibetan Plateau, Brazilian Highlands, Patagonian Plateau, Iranian Plateau, Mongolian Plateau. INTERNAL ASSESSMENT PRACTICAL WORK/ PROJECT WORK (c) Effects - on the environment and human health. 1. A record file having any three of the following exercises will be maintained. (The file will be evaluated out of 10 marks). (d) Preventive Measures Carpools, promotion of public transport, no smoking zone, restricted use of fossil fuels, saving energy and encouragement of organic farming. (a) Uses of important types of maps. (b) Directions and how to identify them - an illustrative diagram. Location, area, climate, natural vegetation and human adaptation. (c) Reading and using statement of scale, graphic scale and scale shown by representative fraction method. (No drawing work, only explaining their meanings). Equatorial region, Tropical grasslands, Tropical Deserts, Tropical Monsoon, Mediterranean, Temperate grasslands, Taiga and Tundra. (d) Reading of one town guide map or an atlas map. (Recognising the symbols and colours used, identifying directions and distances). 6. Natural Regions of the World 7. Map Work (e) Drawing and recognising forms of important contours viz. valleys, ridges, types of slopes, conical hill, plateau, escarpment and sea cliff. On an outline map of the World, candidates will be required to locate, mark and name the following: (f) Drawing at least one sketch map to organize information about visiting an important place, a zoo or a monument. 1. The major Natural Regions of the world Equatorial, Tropical Monsoon, Tropical Deserts, Mediterranean type, Tropical grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Taiga and Tundra. 2. Candidates will be required to prepare a project report on any one topic. The topics for assignments may be selected from the list of suggested assignments given below. Candidates can also take up an assignment of their choice under any of the four broad areas given below. (The project will be evaluated out of 10 marks). 2. The Oceans, Seas, Gulfs and Straits - all Major Oceans, Caribbean Sea, North Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, South China Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Carpentaria, Hudson Bay, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Guinea, Bering Strait, Strait of Gibraltar, Strait of Malacca. Suggested list of Assignments: (a) Weather records: Maintaining and interpreting weather records as found in the newspaper for at least one season. 3. Rivers Mississippi, Colorado, Amazon, Paraguay, Nile, Zaire, Niger, Zambezi, Orange, Rhine, Volga, Danube, Murray, Darling, Hwang Ho, Yangtse Kiang, Ob, Indus, Ganga, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Tigris, Euphrates. (b) Collection of data from secondary sources: {Using Modern techniques i.e., Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensing, Aerial Photography and Satellite imageries}: Preparing a Power Point presentation on current issues like use of earth resources/ development activities/dangers of development and ecological disasters like droughts, earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, 4. Mountains Rockies, Andes, Appalachian, Alps, Himalayas, Pyrenees, Scandinavian Highlands, Caucasus, Atlas, Drakensburg, Khinghan, Zagros, Urals, Great Dividing Range. ICSE Examination Year 2027 3 (e) Collect information on global environmental issues and problems and communicate your findings through appropriate modes (posters, charts, collages, cartoons, handouts, essays, street plays and PowerPoint presentation). landslides cyclones and tornadoes in the world. (c) Physical Features: Collection of data from primary and secondary sources or taking photographs and preparing notional sketches of features found in the vicinity or areas visited during the year as a part of school activity. (f) Area Studies: Choosing any aspect from World Studies and preparing a Power Point presentation or a write up on it. (g) Meteorological Instruments and their uses: Six s maximum and minimum thermometer, mercury barometer, aneroid barometer, wind vane, anemometer, rain gauge and hygrometer. (d) Find out the sources of pollution of water bodies in the locality and determine the quality of water. ICSE Examination Year 2027 4 CLASS X 2. Map of India There will be one paper of two hours duration carrying 80 marks and Internal Assessment of 20 marks. On an outline map of India, candidates will be required to locate, mark and name the following: Candidates will be expected to make the fullest use of sketches, diagrams, graphs and charts in their answers. Questions set may require answers involving the interpretation of photographs of geographical interest. (6 map features for marking and 4 features for identification) Mountains, Peaks and Plateaus (To be marked): Himalayas, Karakoram, Aravali, Vindhyas, Satpura, Western and Eastern Ghats, Nilgiris, Khasi, Mount Godwin Austin (K2), Mount Kanchenjunga. Deccan Plateau, Chota Nagpur Plateau. PART I MAP WORK 1. Interpretation of Topographical Maps (a) Locating features with the help of a four figure or a six-figure grid reference. (b) Definition of contour and contour interval. Identification of landforms marked by contours (steep slope, gentle slope, hill, ridge, escarpment), triangulated height, spot height, relative height/ depth. Plains (To be marked): Gangetic Plains and Coastal plains (Konkan, Malabar, Coromandel, Northern Circars). Desert (To be marked): Thar (The Great Indian Desert) Rivers (To be identified): Indus, Ravi, Beas, Chenab, Jhelum, Satluj, Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghra, Gomti, Gandak, Kosi, Chambal, Betwa, Brahmaputra, Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauveri. (c) Interpretation of colour tints and conventional symbols used on a topographical survey of India map. (d) Identification and definition of types of scale given on the map (Statement scale, Representative Fraction and Linear Scale). Measuring distances (direct distance only) and calculating area (full grid square) using the scale given therein. (e) Marking directions between different locations, using eight cardinal points. (f) Identify: Site of prominent villages /towns/settlements, services available types of land use / land cover and means of transport (metalled, unmetalled, cart track, pack track, footpath) and communication with the help of the index given at the bottom of the sheet. Water Bodies (To be marked): Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Khambhat, Gulf of Mannar, Palk Strait, Andaman Sea, Wular Lake. Passes (To be marked): Karakoram. Latitude and Longitudes (To be identified): Tropic of Cancer, Standard Meridian (82 30 E). Direction of Winds (To be marked): Southwest Monsoons (Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal Branches), North East Monsoons and Western Disturbances. Distribution of Minerals (To be identified): Oil - Mumbai High (Offshore Oil Field) and Digboi. Iron Singhbhum, Coal Jharia. (g) Identification of drainage (direction of flow and pattern - dendritic, trellised and radial) and settlement patterns (clustered and dispersed). Soil Distribution (To be marked): Alluvial, Black and Red Soil. (h) Identification of natural and man-made features. ICSE Examination Year 2027 5 7. Mineral and Energy Resources Cities (To be identified): Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Kochi, Allahabad. Population (To be marked): Distribution of Population (Dense and sparse). PART - II GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA 3. Climate Distribution of Temperature, Rainfall, winds in Summer and Winter and factors affecting the climate of India (latitudes, altitude, distance from sea, winds, Himalayas, jet streams, and El Nino). Monsoon and its mechanism. Seasons: Summer; Monsoon, Retreating Monsoon and Winter. Temperature and pressure conditions, wind movements, local winds, precipitation and interpretation of climate data. 8. Agriculture 4. Soil Resources 5. Types of soil (alluvial, black, red and laterite), mode of formation, distribution, composition and characteristics such as colour, texture, minerals and crops associated. Soil Erosion meaning, agents and causes. Soil Conservation importance and methods Natural Vegetation Importance of forests. Types of vegetation; distribution and correlation with their environment (tropical evergreen, tropical deciduous, tropical desert, littoral and mountain). Importance and classification (large scale, small scale, mineral-based, agro-based, public and private sector) Agro based Industry - Sugar, Textile (Cotton and Silk). Mineral based Industry integrated Iron & Steel plants (Tata Steel, Rourkela, Vishakhapatnam) Petro Chemical and Electronics (some key centres) relevance in the modern world. 6. Water Resources Sources (Surface water and ground water). Need for conservation Rain water harvesting and its importance. Irrigation: Importance and methods wells, tube well, tanks, canal, drip and sprinkler irrigation. Indian Agriculture importance, problems and benefits; Green Revolution-meaning and impact of first green revolution. Types of farming in India: subsistence and commercial: intensive, extensive, plantation and mixed. Agricultural seasons (rabi, kharif, zayad). Climatic conditions, soil requirements, methods of cultivation, and distribution (major producing states) of the following crops: - rice, wheat, millets and pulses. - sugarcane, oilseeds (groundnut, mustard and soya bean). - cotton, jute and tea 9. Manufacturing Industries Forest conservation afforestation, reforestation, social forestry, agroforestry and Van Mahotsav Iron ore, Manganese, Copper, Bauxite uses and their distribution. (two leading states and their prominent mining areas) Conventional Sources: Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas (distribution, advantages and disadvantages). Hydel power - Bhakra Nangal Dam and Hirakud Projects and their benefits. Non-conventional Sources: Solar, wind, tidal, geo-thermal, nuclear and bio-gas (important areas and advantages and disadvantages). 10. Transport Importance and Modes ICSE Examination Year 2027 6 Roadways - Factors affecting its development, advantages and disadvantages. Expressways, national highways, NSEW Corridor and Golden Quadrilateral [meaning and importance) Railways - Factors affecting its development, advantages and disadvantages. Airways - Advantages and disadvantages. Waterways - Inland and coastal, advantages and disadvantages. 4. Transport in India: Development of Road, Rail, Water and Air routes. 5. List different type of industries in the States and collect information about the types of raw materials used, modes of their procurement and disposal of wastes generated. Classify these industries as polluting or environment friendly and suggest possible ways of reducing pollution caused by these units. 11. Waste Management Impact of waste accumulation - spoilage of landscape, pollution, health hazards. Need for waste management. 6. Need for industrialization in India, the latest trends and its impact on economy of India. Understanding key terms global warming, acid rain, eutrophication, biomagnification and thermal pollution (in brief). 7. Visit a water treatment plant, sewage treatment plant or garbage dumping or vermicomposting sites in the locality and study their working. Methods of safe disposal - segregation, dumping and composting. EVALUATION Need and methods for reducing, reusing and recycling waste. The assignments/project work is to be evaluated by the subject teacher and by an External Examiner. (The External Examiner may be a teacher nominated by the Head of the school, who could be from the faculty, but not teaching the subject in the section/class. For example, a teacher of Geography of Class VIII may be deputed to be an External Examiner for Class X, Geography projects.) INTERNAL ASSESSMENT PRACTICAL / PROJECT WORK Candidates will be required to prepare a project report on any one topic. The topics for assignments may be selected from the list of suggested assignments given below. Candidates can also take up an assignment of their choice under any of the broad areas given below. Suggested list of assignments: The Internal Examiner and the External Examiner will assess the assignments independently. 1. Local Geography: Award of Marks (a) Land use pattern in different regions of India a comparative analysis. Subject Teacher (Internal Examiner) 10 marks External Examiner 10 marks (b) The survey of a local market on the types of shops and services offered. 2. (20 Marks) The total marks obtained out of 20 are to be sent to CISCE by the Head of the school. Environment: The Head of the school will be responsible for the online entry of marks on CISCE s CAREERS portal by the due date. Wildlife conservation efforts in India. 3. Current Geographical Issues: Development of tourism in India. ICSE Examination Year 2027 7 INTERNAL ASSESSMENT IN GEOGRAPHY - GUIDELINES FOR MARKING WITH GRADES Procedure/ Testing Criteria Preparation Grade I Gives complete theoretical information using relevant geographical terms States the Studies text and States theoretical information in a coherent objectives and source material and and concise manner using geographical defines the makes a list. terminology. Uses a variety of techniques. aspects to be Shows resourcefulness. Supports studied. investigation with relevant evidence. Neatly and correctly stated statement of intent and conclusion matches with objectives. Provides adequate information using appropriate terms. States objectives using some geographical terms but mostly in descriptive terms. States objectives but not the limitations of the study. Uses sound methodology-using methods suggested. Makes a valid statement about the data collected. Attempts to develop explanations using available information. Limited use of reference material and a presentation, which is routine. are Uses methodology in which selective techniques are applied correctly. Makes descriptive statement. Analysis is limited. Relates and describes systematically the data collected. Tries to relate conclusion to original aim. Simple and neat with correct placement of references, acknowledgements, contents, maps and diagrams. States intent without using relevant geographical terms but explaining them correctly. Does not make any use of geographical terms. Shows evidence of what to look for and how to record the same. Uses methodology with some techniques but is unable to systematically record data and collect information. Has not collected any relevant data and has not presented sources correctly. Does not use any Does not analyse data. Does not use the Presents the report logical technique and suggested methods. without reference. does not follow the Makes conclusions but does not relate them to methodology the original aim. suggested. (4 marks) Grade II (3 marks) Grade III (2 marks) Grade IV (1 mark) Grade V (0 marks) Observation Inference/Results Makes a limited list of source material only from secondary sources. Only lists the References aspects to be minimal. studied. ICSE Examination Year 2027 8 Makes few relevant statements. Does analyse data that is not presented or tends to copy analysis available from other sources. Makes superficial conclusions. Link between the original aim and conclusion is not clear. Presentation Neat but lacking in correct placement of table of contents, maps, diagrams and pictures.

Formatting page ...

punjabi1313 chat

Horizontal lines at:
Guest Horizontal lines at:
AutoRM Data:
Box geometries: