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ICSE Class X Prelims 2026 : Biology (Vasishta School, Madanapalle, Chittoor)

9 pages, 50 questions, 50 questions with responses, 50 total responses,

Neena Nair
Vasishta School, Madanapalle, Chittoor

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VASISHTA SCHOOL, MADANAPALLE MODEL EXAMINATION 1- DECEMBER, 2025 Class : X Date: 20-12-25 Time: 2hrs. Sub : BIOLOGY- Science Paper - 3 Marks: 80m Instructions: Answers to this Paper must be written on a separate paper. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the Question paper. The time given at the head of this paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given. SECTION A [40 marks] Attempt all the questions from this section Question 1 A) Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options:[15] [Do not copy the question, write the correct option and answer only] (i) What is the advantage of having double circulatory system? (a) It uses less energy because blood flows through the heart only once in each circuit around the body (b) Concentration gradients of solutes and gases are kept low (c) Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood are separated to allow a high rate of oxygen supply to the tissues (d) It maintains high-pressure blood flow to the lungs and low-pressure blood flow to the body (ii) The diagram given below is a structure in the human inner ear. The function is (a) Helps in hearing (b) Maintains dynamic balance (c) Maintains static balance (d) Conducts the sound vibrations . (iii) In cholera patients suffer from vomiting and watery bowels. They may die due to the (a) (b) (c) (d) Poisoning by the accumulation of high quantities of urea in the body Ability of the intestines to absorb water into the blood Excretion of almost all the water by the kidneys The failure of the kidneys 1 (iv) What happens to the lining of the human uterus in the days before the release of an ovum? (a) it breaks down (b) it is lost from the body (c) it thickens (d) it thins (v) The diagram shows a vertical section through part of a human eye. A fly is coming nearer to the eye. The eye begins to focus the image of the fly on the retina. How do the labelled parts of the diagram change? Q R (a) Contracts Becomes thinner Becomes (b) Relaxes Becomes rounded Becomes (c) Contracts Becomes rounded Becomes (d) Relaxes Becomes thinner Becomes S tighter slacker slacker tighter (vi) In a healthy human, in which blood vessel would you find the lowest concentration of urea? (a) Hepatic artery (b) Hepatic vein (c) Renal artery (d) Renal vein (vii) Assertion (A): The main pulmonary artery pumps oxygenated blood from the right ventricle into the lungs Reason (R): Inside the lungs, the artery divides several times o form capillaries around the air sacs (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) is True but (R) is False (A) is false and (R) is true Both (A) are (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) Both (A) are (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (viii) A student cuts four pieces of carrot root of equal sizes. The pieces are treated as shown in the diagram and then left for two hours. After two hours, which piece of carrot will be the smallest? 2 (ix) Assertion (A): Presbyopia is a condition found more commonly in old age people. Reason (R): This defect arises due to the weakness of ciliary muscles. (a) (A) is True but (R) is False (b) (A) is false and (R) is true (c) Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) (d) Both (A) and (R) are False and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (x) Kiran played cricket on a hot summer afternoon. His urine output was much less, though he drank plenty of water. What could be the possible cause? P- kidneys reabsorbs a lot of water Q- sweat glands are active R- kidneys absorb less water S-sweat glands are active (a) R AND Q (b) P AND Q (c) P AND S (d) R AND S (xi) The diagrams show section through three blood vessels which are not drawn to the same scale. Some red blood cells are shown in vessel 3. In which order will red blood cell flow through these vessels when travelling from right ventricle to the left atrium of the heart? (a) 1 2 3 (b) 1 3 2 (c) 2 3 1 (d) 3 1 2 (xii) A squirrel is in a scary situation. The secreted adrenaline prepares the body to meet the situation. Which of the following in NOT TRUE for this situation? (a) Adrenaline prepares the body to fight danger (b) Extra energy and strength are provided to the body (c) At the time of the stress, fewer hormones are released in to the blood (d) Adrenaline prepares the body to run away from danger (xiii) Kevin met with an accident and consequently lost a large volume of blood. His blood group is O . Which of the following blood group/s can be donated to him? (a) A and B only (b) A, B and AB only (c) A, B, AB and O (d) Only O 3 (xiv) Viranj tried to match the processes of pregnancy with its time. STAGE P- Parturition Q- Fertilization R- Implantation S- Gestation TIME Around 38 weeks of pregnancy 14th day of menstrual cycle Around a week after fertilization About 280 days Identify the correct sequence (a) S, Q, R, P (b) P, S, R, Q (c) R, P, S, Q (d) Q, R, S, P (xv) The diagram represents processes in sexual reproduction. Name the type of cell division represented by stages Q and R. (a) (b) (c) (d) Q Meiosis Meiosis Mitosis Mitosis R Meiosis Mitosis Meiosis Mitosis Question 2 (i) Give the biological/technical terms for the following: [5] (a) The complex consisting of DNA strand and core of histones (b) The structure which connects the placenta and the foetus (c) A pair of corresponding chromosomes of the same shape and size, one from each parent (d) Pigment providing colour to urine (e) The process by which root hairs absorb water from the soil (ii) Choose the odd term out from each of the following set of terms. Mention the category to which the remaining three belong: (a) Diffusion, Osmosis, Imbibition, Active transport (b) Tonsils, Pancreas, Spleen, Lymph node (c) Insulin, Adrenaline, Pepsin, Thyroxine (d) Basophil, Eosinophil, Monocyte, Neutrophil (e) Prostate gland, Cowper s gland, Seminal vesicle, Seminiferous tubules (iii) Given below is an experiment to demonstrate osmosis. Read the information below the diagram and fill in the blanks: [5] [5] Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. Theoretically, osmosis should continue until the concentration of water molecules become equal on both sides of the membrane. 4 A thistle funnel whose mouth is tied with cellophane paper containing concentrated sugar solution is inverted in a beaker containing water. After few hours the level of the sugar solution in the thistle funnel (a) and the level of water in the beaker (b) . Keeping in mind the root hair cell and its surroundings, the parts that correspond to the concentrated sugar solution is (c) , cellophane paper is (d) and water in the beaker is (e) ____ (iv) Study the diagram given below and match the structure with its functions:[5] Eg: Cerebrum (f) Structure of Human Brain (b) Functions Regulates body temperature. Seat of reflex actions. (c) Controls internal organs of the body. (d) (e) Controls the other endocrine glands. Coordinates muscular activities. (f) Seat of memory. (a) (v) ARRANGE AND REWRITE the terms in each group in the correct order so as to be in a logical sequence. Starting from the underlined word. (a) Soil water, xylem, pericycle, root hair (b) Light energy, thylakoid, glucose, splitting of water molecules (c) Conjunctiva, retina, vitreous humour, cornea (d) Glomerulus, collecting duct, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule (e) Embryo, foetus, blastocyst, morula [5] SECTION B (40 marks) (Attempt any FOUR questions from this Section) Question 3 (i) Explain the term menopause. (ii) Shruthi s mother gave birth to two female babies. Both the babies had a strong [1] resemblance to each other. The doctor said that they have been formed from a single ovum [2] (a) What kind of twins are they? (b) Why are they of the same gender? (iii) Draw a neat labelled diagram of a nerve cell. (iv) Differentiate between the following as per the indications given in the brackets: (a) Hypertonic and Hypotonic [Condition of a plant cell when placed in these solutions] (b) Phenotype and Genotype [Define] [2] [2] 5 (v) Given below is a schematic representation of the inheritance of the shape of seeds of garden peas. Answer the questions that follow: (a) (b) (c) [3] Write the phenotype and genotype of F1 generation with the help of a Punnett square. What does the ratio 3:1 in the F2 generation represent? State Mendel s Law of Segregation. Question 4 (i) Raghu enters a dark room from a brightly lit area. He experiences difficulty in viewing objects, but gradually his vision improves. Explain the role of the photo receptors in this case. [1] (ii) Rani s father has increased thirst and hunger with frequent urination. He also gets fatigued very often. His doctor advised him to get a blood sugar profile test done A) Name the disease based on the symptoms give above. B) Which hormone deficiency causes this disorder? (2) (iii) What is mutation? Give an example. [2] (iv) Expand: (a) TSH (b) ACTH [2] (v) The diagram given below represents Human female reproductive system. Study the diagram and answer the following questions: [3] (a) Name and state the function of part 5. (b) In which part does fertilization occur? Define fertilization. (c) Is part 2 an endocrine gland? Give reason for your choice. Question 5 (i) Define allele. [1] (ii) Give reasons for the following: [2] (a) Excessive application of fertilizers in the agricultural fields will damage the roots. (b) Insulin is never taken orally but always taken in the form of injection. 6 (iii) Given below is an experiment set up to demonstrate a particular process [2] a) Name the physiological process being studied and define the process. b) Mention any two adaptations found in plants to overcome the above physiological process. (iv) When a husband and wife were walking around in their colony, they heard a man blaming the woman for their children being girls. The wife hearing this explained that the man was mistaken. [2] (a) Why did the wife explain that the man was mistaken? (b) What is the percentage likelihood of having a male child? (v) The given diagram represents one phase of the heart. Study the given diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow: [3] (a) Identify the phase. Give a reason for your choice. (b) What type of blood flows through part 1 and part 2? (c) State the location of part 3 and function of part 5. Question 6 (i) Define photo phosphorylation (ii) Draw a neat labelled diagram of a Human sperm. (iii) Differentiate between the following as indicated in brackets: (a) Aqueous humour and Vitreous humour [Location] (b) Seminiferous tubules and Leydig s cells [Function] [1] [2] [2] 7 (iv) List five plant growth hormones and mention one important role of each Hormone. (v) The diagram given below represents a phase of cell division. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow: (2) A) Name the stage of cell division depicted in the diagram. What is the unique feature observed in this stage? B) What is the stage that comes before the cell division shown in the diagram? C) Identify whether it is a plant cell or animal cell. Give a reason in support of your answer. [3] Question 7 (i) What is apical dominance? [1] (ii) Meena was cycling to the park, when she suddenly realized she needed to turn right. Without thinking her hand automatically stretched out to signal the turn. [2] (a) (b) (iii) (iv) Give a reason for Meena s action. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for her action? Differentiate between rods and cones Give the exact location of the following (a) Pituitary gland (b) Thyroid gland (c) Islets of langerhans (d) Adrenal gland [2] [2] 8 (v) Study the picture give below and answer the following questions A) Name the category of waste that is being disposed. [3] B) Give two examples of such a waste. C) Are they hazardous to humans and animals? Give a suitable reason to justify your answer. Question 8 (i) Briefly explain turgidity. (ii) Mention two functions of amniotic fluid. (iii) Draw a neat labelled diagram of Malpighian capsule. (iv) Given below is the diagram of disorders caused due to hormone: [1] [2] [2] [2] (a) Identify the disorders shown in the diagram alongside. (b) Name the gland whose hormones cause these disorders with a reason. (v) The figure given below is an important gonad of humans. Study the figure and answer the following questions. [3] (a) Identify the organ. Write its specific location in the body. (b) Label the parts shown in the figure as 1 to 4. (c) Name one cellular structure and one hormone which are produced in the part 3. ********************************* 9

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