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Magnetic materials

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Kavya Nayak
National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal

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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Vol. II Magnetic Materials - I.R. Harris and A.J. Williams MAGNETIC MATERIALS I.R. Harris and A.J. Williams School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Keywords: Magnetism, magnetic materials, hard magnets, permanent magnets, soft magnets, recording media, magnetic domains Contents U SA N M ES PL C E O C E H O AP L TE SS R S 1. Introduction 2. The Origin of Magnetism 3. Magnetic Terminology and Units 4. Types of Magnetic Materials 5. Intrinsic Properties of Magnetic Materials 6. Magnetic Domains 7. Magnetic Hysteresis 8. Observation of Magnetic Domains 9. Hard Magnetic Materials 10. Applications of Hard Magnetic Materials 11. Soft Magnetic Materials 12. Applications of Soft Magnetic Materials 13. Magnetic Recording 14. Other Magnetic Materials Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary This chapter begins by outlining in basic terms the origin of magnetism and the terminology used to describe magnetic effects and properties. The various types of magnetic behaviors, diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism are discussed. The main intrinsic properties of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials, saturation magnetization, and magnetocrystalline anisotropy are described. The nature of magnetic domains is discussed, the control of which is one of the key aspects in generating good magnetic properties for both hard and soft magnets and recording media. The extrinsic properties, dependent on microstructure and control of domains, are introduced by consideration of the magnetic hysteresis loop. Then each of the main classes of magnetic material, hard and soft magnetic materials and recording media, are described in terms of development, processing, and applications of hard and soft magnetic materials. Finally, other types of important magnetic materials are briefly discussed. 1. Introduction Magnetic materials encompass a wide variety of materials, which are used in a diverse range of applications. Magnetic materials are utilized in the creation and distribution of Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS)

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