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Minerals in India

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Supreeth Rao
Vidyashilp Academy (VSA), Bangalore
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Minerals In India 1 Coal 1.1.4 Peat First stage of Coal from wood. 1. Coal is a basic source of energy. Produces a large amount of Smoke. 2. It can be converted into gas,oil,electricity and thermal power . Ashey in Nature. 3. It is a basic precursor to Chemicals,Dyes, Fertilisers,Paints and Explosives. 1.2 Distribution of Coal in India 4. Coal is used for smelting in a blast furnace India is the largest producer of coal in south Asia. India has about 123,000 million tonnes of coal. . Coal mines can be grouped into two catagories . 5. Byproducts include Benzol,Naptha , Phenol Tar ,Ammonia Gas. 1.2.1 Gondwana Coal fields 1.1 98% of Indias coal exists in these areas . Types of Coal State Location West Bengal Ranigunj Jharkhand Jharia , Bokaro Andhrapradesh Kantapalli , Kothagundem Chhattisgarh Tatapani , Korba. Maharashtra Kamptee , Chandrapur. Madhyapradesh Pench Valley , Shahdal Odisha Talcher , Sambalpur There are four types of coal. 1.1.1 Antracite More than 90% Carbon content. It is Black in colour and burns without any smoke. Used in Iron and Steel plants , Steam gen1.2.2 eration and the Indian Railways. State Kashmir Assam Arunachal Pradesh Nagaland Meghalaya Rajasthan Tamil Nadu It has a high Calorific Value 1.1.2 Tertiary Coal fields Bituminous 75-85% Carbon content. Used in Small Scale industries. Used for the production of Coke,Coal Gas , Steam Coal. 2 Low Moisture content. Location Riasi Lakhimpur Namchick Borjan Balphak Pallu Neyveli Petroleum 1. Used as a source of power for Automobiles. 1.1.3 Lignite 2. Byproducts include Lubricants , Kerosene , Tar and soap. Less than 50% Carbon content. Brown in Colour. 3. Most Oil is imported to India and hence the refineries are located in coastal cities. Friable and Moisture laden. Low Calorific Value. 1

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