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Biology 10

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Question Bank Population And Related Problems in India 1. Name the following : (i) Term used to describe the study of human population. (ii) Who wrote the Essay on Population? (iii) The symbol of family planning. (iv) If unchecked, the number of people increase in what ratio? (v) For what tests is amniocentesis used? (vi) Name an intrauterine device to control pregnancy in females. Ans. (i)Demography (ii) Thomas Robert Malthus (iii) Inverted red triangle (iv) Geometric Progression (v) Sex determination. (vi) Copper T or loop 2. (i) The age of marriage for boys is _______ and for girls _______. (ii) The present growth of human population in the world is approximately _______ % per annum. (iii) _______ is biologically responsible for the sex of the child. (iv) Population increases in geometric progression while food supply increases in _______ progression. Class-X 1 Question Bank (v) Government conducts a __________ to maintain a record of the number, and place of residence. (v) In humans, the uterus is lined by mucous membrane called __________________. Ans. (i) 21 years; 18 years (ii) 2 (iii) Father (iv) Arithmetic (v) Census. 3. Mention if the following statements are true or false. Rewrite the wrong ones in the correct form by changing the words printed in bold. (i) Tidal, wind and nuclear energy are the conventional sources of energy. (ii) The cutting of spermatic duct in males is called tubectomy. (iii) The study of individuals is called demography. Ans. (i) False (non-conventional) (ii) False (vasectomy) (iii) False (population) 4. How is population growth determined? Ans. Population growth is determined by birth rate, death rate, emigration and immigration. Class-X 2 Question Bank 5. What are the two factors which have raised the life expectancy in the developing countries? Ans. Decline in the death rate and increase in longevity. 6. Mention three major scientific methods of population control. Ans. (i) By preventing ovulation using contraceptive pills. (ii) By preventing fertilisation using IUCD, condoms, vaginal diaphragms, tubectomy or vasectomy. (iii) Medical termination of undesired pregnancies. 7. What is population explosion? Why is it a cause of grave concern? Ans. Unchecked phenomenal increase in population is known as population explosion. It is a cause of grave concern because: (i) It has caused socio-economic problems emanating from lack of space and food, inadequate educational and health facilities, and due to unemployment and poverty. (ii) Rising population has also caused an energy crises, as energy sources are fast dwindling while demand is increasing. (iii) It has also led to an increase in air, water and soil pollution and ecological degradation. Class-X 3 Question Bank 8. Why has it not been possible to appreciably check the growth of population in our country so far? Ans. Several factors are responsible: (i) Lack of education. (ii) Traditional beliefs; considering birth of a child as a gift of god. (iii) Desire of a son. (iv) Economic reasons; more the children, more are the earning hands. (v) Reduction in mortality rate due to better medical facilities and public health care. 9. Our population growth exceeds our productive capacity. What programme would you suggest to solve the problems arising out of this situation? Ans. (i) People should be educated about the evils of overpopulation, malnutrition, infant mortality, poor physical and mental health, etc. (ii) People should be made aware of the dwindling natural resources, energy crisis and the environmental degradation. (iii) Mass media should be used to spread the need and possibility of birth control and family planning. (iv) Minimum age for marriage should be raised. (v) Children should be made aware of socio-economic problems. Class-X 4 Question Bank 10. Write a short note on Malthus theory of overpopulation. Ans. Malthus pointed out that population grows by geometric progression while food production grows by arithmetic progression. In geometric progression one individual gives birth to two individuals. Each of the two individuals in turn give birth to two individuals, bringing the total to 4. Each of these 4 individuals gives birth to two individuals bringing the total to 8 ... and so on. Thus, if population is unchecked, food production cannot keep pace with the growing number of mouths to feed. Third world countries like India are projected to have large increase in population while the population of developed nations is expected to remain constant. 11. Draw the standard growth curve. Briefly explain it. Ans. S-shaped curve: Initially, population growth is slow. Later as a species establishes itself in the environment, it multiplies rapidly. Further, when birth rate equals death rate, population growth reaches zero, resulting in an S-shaped curve. Class-X 5 Question Bank 12. The figure below shows a technique. (i) Name the process. (ii) Name the fluid being taken out through syringe. (iii) How is this process helpful? (iv) How is it misused? Ans. (i) Amniocentesis. (ii) Amniotic fluid. (iii) The process helps in knowing if the foetus is healthy or has any genetic defect or developmental defect. It also lets us know the sex of the unborn child. (iv) This process has been misused for determining the sex of the developing foetus, leading to widespread selective female foeticide. 13. Explain the following briefly : [5] There is an increasing dependence today on natural sources of energy like sunlight and wind. Ans. With the increase in population, there is an increasing demand for energy to meet their need. It is not possible for the exhaustible natural resources to fulfill that demand. So, sunlight and wind are (being inexhaustible) used widely to meet the demand of energy. Class-X 6 Question Bank 14. (a) What are the age restrictions for marriage by law for boys and girls in India? (b) Name two surgical techniques (one for the human male and another for the human female) that can be used to prevent pregnancy. (c) Give two advantages of a small family. (d) Mention two reasons for the rapid increase of population in India. Ans.(a)Age restriction 18 yrs for girls and 21 yrs for boys. (b)Vasectomy for human male and tubectomy for human female. (c) Two advantages (i) total welfare including diet and nutrition. (ii) subsequent care for the children. (d) Two reasons illiteracy, traditional customs. 15. How can the knowledge of processess of reproduction help people in limiting the size of their families? Give two concrete example. Ans. Knowledge of the processes of reproduction can help people in limiting the size of their families (i) Knowing the process of ovulation can help people to understand how some birth control pills work. This will remove their fears regarding such contraceptions. (ii) Knowledge of the physiology of reproduction can help people undergo vasectomy and tubectomy without any apprehension This will help them in limiting the size of their families. Class-X 7 Question Bank

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