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Unit 14: Air and water Air is a mixture of gases. These can be separated by fraction distillation. This works because the gases in air have different boiling points. Uses of oxygen 1. In hospitals People with breathing problems are given oxygen through oxygen tanks covering the nose and mouth, they also use oxygen tents. 2. Welding metals A mixture of oxygen and ethanol is used in oxy-acetylenes torches for that are used in welding metals. Air pollutants Ways to reduce pollution x x x Use less fossil fuels Switch to clean sources of power Try to find ways to store CO and not let it escape to the atmosphere Catalytic converters A exhaust pipe is a pipe where waste gases are disposed off. In it, harmful gases are present: Water Uses of water: x x x x At home for drinking, cooking, washing things and flushing toilet waste away. On farms it is needed as a drink for animals, and to water crops. In industry, they use it as a solvent, and to wash things, and to keep hot reaction tanks cool. Power stations use it to make steam. The steam then drives the turbines that generate electricity. Purifying water Chemical tests for water 1. It turns white anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue. 2. It turns blue cobalt chloride paper pink.

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